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Sample translations submitted: 13
English to Chinese: Speech about monetary policies General field: Bus/Financial Detailed field: Finance (general)
Source text - English The challenge for today's generation of policymakers is to rethink and reimagine how to get our economies back to work. One of the most striking aspects of that has been the willingness of central banks in advanced economies to “dive into the deep end” of the policymaking pool.
In many respects, central banks have been the heroes of the global financial crisis. Compared with conventional monetary policy, the unconventional monetary policies of the past few years have been bolder in ambition and larger in scale. These exceptional actions helped the world pull back from the precipice of another Great Depression.
The crisis also give us cause to rethink the extent to which the world is interconnected. A bankruptcy in the United States in 2008 brought the world economy to its knees. Then Eurozone troubles shook the global economy again. Another worry today is the risk of a slowdown in emerging markets pulling back growth everywhere. Unconventional monetary policies bring an added twist. This is very much on our minds, of course, as we have watched developments this week. It reminds us that policy actions in one corner of the world can reach all corners and it's the job of the IMF to shine a light on developments in all corners of the world.
More broadly, unconventional monetary policies involve navigating a new world. In one sense, it's like stepping into a dark room. To borrow some words from John F. Kennedy, we are not here to curse the darkness, but to light the candle that can guide us through that darkness to a safe and sane future. It's our collective job to light a candle in that dark room.
Translation - Chinese 对于当今这一代的政策制定者来说，他们面临的挑战是重新思考和构想经济实现路径。当前最显著的特征之一就是发达经济体的中央银行有意愿潜入政策制定的深水区。
English to Chinese: Anatomy of contract General field: Law/Patents Detailed field: Law: Contract(s)
Source text - English A "day-rate" or "daywork" contract provides that the drilling contractor be paid a stipulated price (rate) for work performed at the direction of the operator over a twenty-four-hour period with the contractor assuming only specified risks.71 The amount of the stipulated daywork rate depends on a number of factors, including the.type of rig, the size of the crew, and the party responsible for furnishing the crew, drill pipe, other equipment, and special well services. The daywork rate may change at various stages of contract performance. In addition, a daywork contract may provide for lump-sum payments for specialized work, such as mobilization and demobilization.
Proportionate sums may be paid for fractions of days, and proportionate reductions in the daywork rate may be made when the rig is on "standby time" (Le., the time when the rig is on location but, for a variety of reasons, is not "making hole"). When the rig is on "standby time," the contractor's employees are still on location and their salaries, along with other expenses of the contractor, are continuing. However, some of the contractor's operating expenses, such as use of drill pipe and fuel for operating the rig,"2 are not being incurred. Accordingly, the "standby rate" is generally lower than the daywork rate.73
Historically, the daywork contract has been regarded as more favorable to the drilling contractor than the footage or turnkey contract since the driller assumes less risk and is paid for each day of operation as directed by the operator. In the 1980s, however, some drilling contractors found footage and turnkey contracts to be more profitable, even though they are riskier. Thus, the terms of a contract are really a function of market conditions.
Translation - Chinese 日费制合同规定钻井承包商在运营商的指导下完成24小时工作后应获得一笔固定的作业费用，在此期间，承包商仅需按合同规定承担部分风险。合同中规定的日费金额参考了以下各种因素，包括钻机类型、钻井队伍规模、队伍装备责任归属、钻杆、其他设备及特殊的钻井服务。在合同履行的不同阶段，日费也有所不同。此外，按照日费合同规定，应针对某些专项工作，例如设备和人员的动员和复员，提供一次性支付款项。
English to Chinese: 5G technology-related speech General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: IT (Information Technology)
Source text - English We're also seeing that IT leaders are having to rethink their entire network and application environment as the physical plan of the enterprise is reduced and a premium is placed on creating more resilient, scalable network infrastructure.
Here's another look at that shifting environment. The enterprise acceleration into the cloud has been underway for the past decade, but this trend has become even more compressed due to COVID-19. As enterprises rapidly pushed their technology capabilities to the cloud, they add more scalablability, flexibility, and help create new experiences for employees.
Now with 5G, these experiences are becoming richer, more immersive and on demand for the enterprise workforce. They include instant access to cloud compute and storage, more immersive telepresence, giving teams the ability to collaborate in real time from virtually anywhere. And we're seeing some incredible use cases with on demand computing and mobile edge compute. COVID-19 is not just driving cloud acceleration it's changing global business.
New ways of working that were emerging are now suddenly mainstream. Remote digital teamwork has become the norm, conferences have gone virtual, education has become on demand and the list goes on.
These new business imperatives are requiring IT and OT to rethink every aspect of their business strategy, including how best to connect with customers, how to deal with a much larger mobile workforce and how they improve their operations and their technology stack to drive resilience and flexibility.
Perhaps the most profound change is that the walls of the enterprise have now extended beyond the office, with people working from home or remotely the data that was one shared inside those walls is now being exchanged in many other places outside the walls of the office. With many IT leaders staring down the cost of a minimally used network in the office and now the added cost of subsidizing internet inside the home, they're now faced with some tough decisions.
Translation - Chinese 我们还看到，随着公司在实体计划上的缩减，以及对创建更具弹性、可扩展的网络基础设施的重视，信息技术方面的领导者不得不重新思考他们的整个网络和应用环境。
English to Chinese: Signal processing General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: Telecom(munications)
Source text - English Sample- and Frame-Based Signals
Sample-based signals are the most basic type of signal and are the easiest to construct from a real-world (physical) signal. You can create a sample-based signal by sampling a physical signal at a given sample rate, and outputting each individual sample as it is received. In general, most Digital-to-Analog converters output sample-based signals.
You can create frame-based signals from sample-based signals. When you buffer a batch of N samples, you create a frame of data. You can then output sequential frames of data at a rate that is 1/N times the sample rate of the original sample-based signal. The rate at which you output the frames of data is also known as the frame rate of the signal.
Frame-based data is a common format in real-time systems. Data acquisition hardware often operates by accumulating a large number of signal samples at a high rate. The hardware then propagates those samples to the real-time system as a block of data. Doing so maximizes the efficiency of the system by distributing the fixed process overhead across many samples. The faster data acquisition is suspended by slower interrupt processes after each frame is acquired, rather than after each individual sample. See Benefits of Frame-Based Processing for more information.
Model Sample- and Frame-Based Signals in ABC and XYZ
When you process signals using this system toolbox software, you can do so in either a sample- or frame-based manner. When you are working with blocks in XYZ, you can specify, on a block-by-block basis, which type of processing the block performs. In most cases, you specify the processing mode by setting the Input processing parameter. Alternatively, when you are using System objects in ABC, you specify the processing mode using the FBProcessing property. The following table shows the common parameter settings you can use to perform sample- and frame-based processing in ABC and XYZ.
English to Chinese: Drilling General field: Tech/Engineering Detailed field: Petroleum Eng/Sci
Source text - English “Factory drilling” is a process where a company repeatedly drills a high number of standardized wells in order to lower cost and reduce overall cost per well. This method works best in an area where the formation is homogeneous and downhole conditions are known. Engineering time is reduced through the use of a standardized well design and program. Commonly, multiple wells are drilled on one pad. This reduces the environmental footprint since, for example, one pad can be used for five (or more) wells instead of five separate pads.
Topography in some areas limit areas available for drilling and restrictions on waste disposal and heavy truck transportation make reducing the number of pads economical.
Rigs operating on these pads can ‘skid’ to other wells on the pad in as little as a few hours, compared to days to move to another pad.
Drilling multiple wells off of one pad is a more complex operation, since care must be taken not to collide with neighboring holes.
The factory drilling approach can have limitations if the formation is non‐homogeneous and uncertain sub‐surface conditions exist.
Production of individual wells may not be optimized by a one‐size‐fits‐all approach if the main focus is on speed and cost.
Application of a standardized design may fail to identify or address any characteristics which could affect long‐term durability of the well, such as pockets of shallow gas in the formation.
Translation - Chinese “工厂化钻井”是一种钻井工艺，钻井公司采用此工艺可重复性钻出大量的标准井，这样就可以减少钻井费用和每口井的整体建井成本。此工艺最适合用于地层均质性强且井下条件已知的区域。通过标准化的钻井设计和程序，可有效缩短工程作业时间。通常来说，一个井组平台可钻出5口（或更多口）井，这样，相对于采用5个独立的井场，可以大大减少环境足迹。
English to Chinese: ad copy of an app General field: Marketing Detailed field: Marketing / Market Research
Source text - English swissrent’s easy to use Online and in-App rental system and our Omnichannel mentality means one can find and rent what they want, where they want, and when they want. Come as you are, and we’ll take care of the rest; in Winter, in Summer, in 5 languages!
Location, location! Our partners are conveniently located nearby or even at the nearest lift station. On average, only 200 metres away. We are also in the process of acquiring additional partners in other strategically placed locations.
Our swissrent service champions receive your order in advance and prepare your requested equipment. They also provide lockers for storage for multi-day bookings. So all you need to do is come as you are and enjoy your day without the hassle of carrying anything from your accommodations.
All-inclusive offers to allow you to cover yourself from head to toe with the latest outdoor sports equipment and clothing. You’ll feel great, look great, and perform great, and best of all, be comfortable.
Our unique rewards system ‘mountainmiles’ now allows one too ‘Connect to Strava’ and earn points every time they complete an activity. These points can then be redeemed by the user towards their next rental.
swissrent’s Abo vouchers are the ideal walk-in gift for families and friends. Pay 4 times, ski 5! We also offer a Season-Abo. Giving one a season-long ski or snowboard rental in 1 location plus 3 single-day rental vouchers redeemable at any swissrent location.
Translation - Chinese swissrent提供操作简单的App内置在线租赁系统，致力于提供多渠道便捷服务，随时随地满足您的一切租赁需求。您只管来，其他的都交给我们。无论寒暑，我们都在。五种语言，满足您的一切沟通需求！
English to Chinese: Magazine article General field: Art/Literary Detailed field: Art, Arts & Crafts, Painting
Source text - English One of the joys of living in Paris has been to hear the tolling of the great bells of Notre Dame on Easter Sunday, their festive peals echoing through elegant streets festooned with the blooms of spring. The bells survived what is likely to become known as the Great Fire of 2019, thank Heaven. But they have fallen silent.
Below them, one of the world's most majestic and familiar monuments to faith, beauty and human genius lies gravely wounded. Photographers have been inside since the fire was extinguished, and their images show Gothic pillars soaring to an ugly hole through which the flaming spire had plunged. A cross, illumined by sunlight streaming through the jagged wound, glows over a tangle of charred timbers.
The fire erupted about 6.30pm Monday, and within what seemed like minutes, flames were leaping into the twilight, instantly spreading horror and disbelief through Paris and far beyond. Huge crowds, united in shock, gathered as the consuming flames grew brighter against the darkening skies. Some began to chant hymns, some cried, others just gazed in silence. All raised their phones in what has become an instinctive gesture of witness.
Words don't work too well at moments when something so obviously terrible, fateful and awesome is happening. Thoughts come almost randomly, picking among visual details, questions, analogies. The etchings of St Paul's Cathedral engulfed in flames in the Great Fire of London in 1666 came to mind, until now probably the best known images of a cathedral in the clutch of an inferno.
Notre Dame is far more to Paris than the Eiffel Tower or the grand boulevards ever could be. It was here that this beautiful city was born, and the cathedral raised in the centre of the island in the 12th century was meant to proclaim the glory of God and the political, economic and cultural might of a rising kingdom. Notre Dame is still the point from which all distances are measured in France.
Translation - Chinese 在巴黎居住，乐趣之一就是可以在复活节听到巴黎圣母院响起的此起彼伏的钟声。节日的钟声在大街小巷回荡，街道两侧鲜花点缀，春意盎然。谢天谢地，这些古钟逃过了2019年的那场大火。但是，它们也已然归于沉默。
Source text - English The environment at any point on the land or under the sea can be characterised by the physical and chemical processes that are active there and the organisms that live under those conditions at that time. As an example, a fluvial (river) environment includes a channel confining the flow of fresh water that carries and deposits gravelly or sandy material on bars in the channel, When the river floods, water spreads relatively fine sediment over the floodplain where it is deposited in thin layers. Soils form and vegetation grows on the floodplain area.
In a succession of sedimentary rocks, the channel may be represented by a lens of sandstone or conglomerate that shows internal structures formed by deposition on the channel bars. The floodplain setting will be represented by thinly bedded mudrock and sandstone with roots and other evidence of soil formation.
In the description of sedimentary rocks in terms of depositional environments, the term 'facies” is often used. A rock facies is a body of rock with specified characteristics that reflect the conditions under which it was formed (Reading & Levell 1996). Describing the facies of a body of sediment involves documenting all the characteristics of its lithology, texture, sedimentary structures and fossil content that can aid in determining the processes of formation.
By recognising associations of facies, it is possible to establish the combinations of processes that were dominant; the characteristics of a depositional environment are determined by the processes that are present, and hence there is a link between facies associations and environments of deposition. The lens of sandstone in Fig. 1.2 may be shown to be a river channel if the floodplain deposits are found associated with it. However, recognition of a channel form on its own is not a sufficient basis to determine the depositional environment because channels filled with sand exist in other settings, including deltas, tidal environments and the deep sea floor: it is the association of different processes that provides the full picture of a depositional environment.
Translation - Chinese 陆上或海底任何位置处的环境都可以反映出此处所经历的物理和化学过程以及当前于此生活的有机物的活动。例如，在河流环境中，河道的存在限制了河水的流动，搬运的砾状或砂状颗粒遇到河道沙坝发生沉积。到了泛滥期，河水裹挟着较细的沉积物蔓延至泛滥平原，并形成厚的沉积层。泛滥平原上，土壤堆积成层，植被于此生长。
Source text - English Tips for Product Development
1. Take olfaction seriously
Since aroma is one of the most important elements when it comes to determining how we perceive overall taste, it is essential to make sure that your product has an appealing “nose.” There are
a number of different aroma families, such as fruity, floral, woody, earthy, etc. Think carefully about the aromatic profile of your product and its influence on overall taste, and try to create
a product with well-balanced aromas that complement each other perfectly. For example, a wine with a fruity, sweet aroma should be balanced out by fresher notes to stop it being too cloying.
2. Avoid defects & artificial aromas
Take care to avoid any defective aromas that can occur in the production process; this is common with carbonated beverages and spirits and can result in rancid or off-putting aromas that have a negative impact on the overall gustatory impact.
As with artificial colouring, consumers are increasingly avoiding products with artificial aromas. Consumers are much more likely to trust a product with a natural, “clean” aroma rather than one that smells synthetic.
3. Make sure that the smell of your product matches & reinforces its taste
With such a close relationship between aroma and flavour, it’s important to make sure that how your product smells corresponds to how it tastes. A yogurt might have a pleasant strawberry flavour, but it might be perceived as lacking in intensity without the appropriate aromas to go with it.
4. Use odours to increase appetite
Research has also found that certain odours have the potential to arouse and increase appetite. A good example is the specific aroma of the Maillard reaction, which occurs when roasting meat, coffee beans or almonds, and the baking of bread and cakes.
Chinese to English: Paper content General field: Science Detailed field: Petroleum Eng/Sci
Source text - Chinese 胶乳颗粒作为一种弹性微粒，粒径比水泥颗粒粒径小，不仅可以在水泥浆中均匀分散, 填充水泥颗粒间隙，减少水泥浆滤失量，降低水泥石渗透率，有效防止气体侵入及在水泥石中的运移；而且可以在压差作用下，在水泥颗粒间聚结成一道非渗透膜覆盖于滤饼表面，有效平衡地层孔隙压力，阻止气侵。与此同时，胶乳颗粒还参与CSH凝胶网的形成，并且互相粘结, 在整个水泥基体结构中形成一个弹性网状体[1], 可以避免水泥石应力集中，降低水泥石脆性。室内优选了DC200型丁苯胶乳，其粒径在200～500nm之间，耐温可达200℃，优选加量为8～15%之间。
Translation - English Latex particles are elastic and smaller in size than cement ones. It can disperse uniformly in cement slurry by filling in the space between cement grains. In this way, it helps reduce the loss of cement slurry, decrease the permeability of cement matrix, and effectively prevent gas ingress into and diffusion inside the cement matrix. Under pressure difference, these particles coalesce around the cement grains, forming an impermeable film throughout the surface of the filter cake, which is useful in balancing formation pore pressure and stopping gas cut. In the meantime, latex particles also play a role in the formation of CSH gel network by binding with each other; hence, an elastic network can be formed in the cement matrix, which can relieve stress concentration in the cement matrix and make it less brittle. Based on the outcome of the indoor experiment, the DC200 styrene-butadiene latex is considered the best option, which is 200-500 nm in diameter and can be used in the temperature as high as 200 ℃. And its best proportion is recommended to be 8 to 15%.
Chinese to English: Tourism
Source text - Chinese 作为西咸新区秦汉新城旅游“名片”，张裕瑞那城堡酒庄建成以来，先后被评为国家AAAA级旅游景区、全国休闲农业与乡村旅游示范点。酒庄近900亩的浪漫葡园和独一无二的意大利托斯卡纳风格城堡，不仅是举办城堡婚礼、婚纱拍摄的绝佳场所，更是吸引了“跑男”、“我是超模”等节目前来拍摄录制。
瑞那城堡包含的旅游项目有：意大利托斯卡纳风格建筑、百亩鲜食葡萄采摘园、15000平米地下大酒窖、世界级葡萄酒科技展览馆、爱神雕塑广场、汉白玉love主题墙、趣味儿童乐园、4D巨幕影院、张裕故事、酿造传奇、红酒秘密、酒窖迷宫、艺术长廊、梦幻葡萄酒大学、DIY葡萄酒生产线、黑暗乘骑、葡萄酒商业街等等。
多个项目完美呈现都市田园文化、葡萄酒品鉴文化与百年张裕企业文化，共同形成酒庄的鲜明主题——为会奖旅游开启一段难忘的“浪漫意大利•梦幻酒城堡“之旅。
Translation - English As a go-to destination for tourists, the Chateau Changyu Rena is located in Qinhan New City of the Xixian District and has been rated as a 4A tourist attraction and a national demonstration site of leisure agriculture and rural tourism. Thanks to its romantic vineyard covering an area of nearly 600,000 sq. m. (900 mu) and unique Italian Tuscan-style castle, not only has this winery been regarded as an optimal venue for holding castle weddings or pre-wedding photo shoot, but was the shooting place for many variety shows like “Running Man” and “Super Model”.
A lot of tourism projects are available here. Visits are organized for tourists to the Tuscan castle, a 66,000 sq. m. (100 mu) vineyard, a 15,000 sq. m. wine cellar, and a world-class exhibition center for wine-making techniques. Besides, tourists can go to a square where one statue of the goddess of lover stands, stop before a white marble-piled love-themed wall, have fun in a Children amusement park, or watch a film in a IMAX 4D theater. They may also choose to learn more about Changyu business stories, their legend in wine business, and listen to the secrets of wine. On top of these, many other great options are also provided, like a maze-like cellar, art gallery, wine school, wine-themed business street, or trying Dark Ride.
Many of these projects are excellent embodiments of the idyllic lifestyle in the city, the culture of wine appreciation, and the 100-year history of Changyu, and add unique features to its MICE service themed “romantic Italianism experience in a dreamlike wine castle”.
Chinese to English: Drilling technology
Source text - Chinese 水力喷射径向水平井技术(以下简称径向水平井技术)是指在垂直井眼内沿径回钻出呈辐射状分布的一口或多口水平井眼，从而穿透近井污染带，增大与储层的接触面积，建立高导流通道，达到增产增注的目的，在复杂油气藏开发中具有经济、高效、安全等优势。该技术最早由W. Dickinson等于1985 年提出，但由于需要套管段铣、井眼扩张等复杂工艺，导致完井周期长、风险大、成本高,限制了该技术的推广应用。1993 年，C. WW. Landers 等人车提出套管开窗侧钻径向水平井技术，钻柱可在套管内完成从垂直到水平的转向。
Translation - English Radial Jet Drilling technology (hereinafter referred to as RJD) can radially drill one or more horizontal holes in a vertical wellbore and penetrate contaminated zones near a wellbore, so that to enlarge the contact area with reservoirs, create high-conductivity flow channels, and achieve production and injection enhancement. It has other advantages like cost-saving, high efficiency, and safety for development of complex oil and gas reservoirs. This technology was first put forward by W. Dickinson et al. in 1985. But complex techniques it involved such as casing section milling and borehole enlargement would extend the completion period and add more risks and costs, and hence, hindered its popularization and application. In 1993, C. W. Landers et al. proposed the casing window sidetracking drilling for radial horizontal wells, through which a drill pipe can bend to the horizontal direction inside the casing.
Over 30 years’ development, RJD has been widely used in USA, Canada, Russia, Argentina, Bolivia, and Egypt, and achieved positive results. Also, RJD field tests have been conducted in China’s oilfields like Liaohe, Shengli, Daqing, Jilin, Zhongyuan, and the Fuxin basin in Jilin. These field practices have provided abundant experiences for the development of this technology.
In recent years, radial fracturing for horizontal wells has been moving closer to the center stage. The Doelson West oilfield in Kansas of USA has finished acidizing/liquid nitrogen fracturing in 10 radially horizontal wells, where the production was increased by more than two times and its stable production lasted for over three years. In 2014, LI Gensheng et al. proposed a new technology integrating radial jet drilling and fracturing, which is more and more applied in China for production of unconventional oil and gas resources in a cost-saving and efficient way.
Chinese to English: Education
Source text - Chinese 《新疆维吾尔自治区中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010—2020年）》指出要提高职业教育水平，加快农牧区职业教育发展，进一步办好涉农专业，广泛开展面向“三农”的科学技术普及教育、实用技术培训和劳动力转移培训，支持学校积极参与培养有文化、懂技术、会经营的新型农牧民，为社会主义新农村建设服务。
Translation - English As stated in the 2010 to 2020 General Plan for Reforms and Development of Education in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, we should work to improve vocational education performance and boost vocational education in farming and pastoral areas. Agricultural subjects should be further developed, based on which scientific and technological knowledge can be popularized and practical technology training and migrant workforce training be carried forward. Support should be provided for schools in cultivation of modern farmers and herdsmen to get literacy, skills and self-employment ability, so that they can contribute to the development of new socialist countryside.
In addition, a new model of vocational education system has been proposed. According to the new model, education resources should be properly allocated and balanced between the secondary and higher vocational education and between Xinjiang and outside regions; vocational education would be interconnected with general education; pre-employment and post-employment training be integrated. Therefore, students are expected to obtain both corresponding education certificates and professional skills.
Besides, vocational education business groups should be built on a large scale to provide general vocational education by opening chain schools, which are to be supervised by governments, guided by industrial experts, and participated by enterprises. To this end, rules and regulations should be formulated regarding school-enterprise cooperation and ensure the performance of talent training, so that skilled talents can enjoy a higher social status and a higher pay in a society where everyone can fulfill their potential.
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Master's degree - China University of Petroleum (Beijing)
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Years of experience: 9. Registered at ProZ.com: Jul 2019.
English to Chinese (Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China, verified) Chinese to English (Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China, verified) English to Chinese (Beijing Foreign Studies University, verified) Chinese to English (Beijing Foreign Studies University, verified)
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