protective graff
French translation: fossé défensif / douves défensives
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| 11:10 Nov 16, 2018 |
| English to French translations [PRO] Tech/Engineering - Construction / Civil Engineering / Protection works against floods | |||||||
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|  Selected response from: B D Finch France Local time: 13:34 | ||||||
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| 4 | fossé défensif |
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| Discussion entries: 3 | |
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Answers
55 mins confidence: 
fossé défensif Explanation: According to Merriam Webster, "graff" is an archaic term for a moat. The word doesn't appear at all in Collins Unabridged Dictionary, which indicates that it's probably been dredged up from the past by a non-native speaker of English. One would generally refer to a moat as "defensive", rather than "protective" Nice castle! "When the castle was undergoing this expansion in the 15th century, the water level of Lake Galvė was several metres higher than it is today. The castle builders took advantage of this by separating the Ducal Palace and the forecastle with a moat, just wide enough for small boats to sail through. They were connected by gates that could be raised in case of an enemy attack. " https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trakai_Island_Castle mediolanum-santonum.fr/double-fosse-defensif.html Un double fossé défensif a été pour la première fois mis au jour à Saintes en 2004 lors d'un diagnostic archéologique sur le site de Saint-Rémy ... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 57 mins (2018-11-16 12:07:16 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- The phrase "dug-out from the side of the city" is a bit odd and "dug out" shouldn't be hyphenated if it's a verb. -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr (2018-11-16 12:17:41 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Encyclopaedia Londinensis, John Wilkes, pub. 1810 "GRAFF, s. A ditch; a moat.—Though the fortifications were not regular, yet the walls were good, and the graff broad and deep." https://bit.ly/2Bc3p8L -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 1 hr (2018-11-16 12:19:12 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- Note that it seems that it was unnecessary to preface "graff" with "water". |
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