Glossary entry (derived from question below)
English term or phrase:
spallation
Russian translation:
реакция скалывания
Dec 15, 2008 19:54
15 yrs ago
English term
spallation
GBK
English to Russian
Tech/Engineering
Nuclear Eng/Sci
Definition from
European Nuclear Society:
Nuclear conversion during which an energy-rich bombardment particle knocks out numerous individual particles (protons, neutrons) from the target nucleus. Observed initially as an effect of cosmic radiation.
Example sentences:
There are many distinct methods of producing sufficiently strong neutron beams for science. Because of their flux (see below), that is higher by several orders of magnitude, nuclear reactors and spallation sources are nowadays preferred to radioisotope, photon or accelerator sources. (AUSTRON )
Finally, the pulsed proton beam will be directed onto a liquid mercury target, where 60-Hz pulses of neutrons will be created through spallation reactions of the protons with the mercury nuclei. (Spallation Neutron Source)
With the world's highest flux reactor-based neutron source (the High Flux Isotope Reactor) and the world's most intense pulsed accelerator-based neutron source (the Spallation Neutron Source), ORNL provides neutron scattering capabilities unavailable anywhere else in the world. (Oak Ridge National Laboratory)
Proposed translations
(Russian)
| 4 +3 | реакция скалывания |
Nik-On/Off
|
Change log
Dec 15, 2008 16:15: changed "Kudoz queue" from "In queue" to "Public"
Dec 15, 2008 19:54: changed "Stage" from "Preparation" to "Submission"
Dec 18, 2008 19:54: changed "Stage" from "Submission" to "Selection"
Dec 26, 2008 08:54: changed "Stage" from "Selection" to "Completion"
Proposed translations
+3
1 hr
Nik-On/Off
Ukraine
Ukraine
Ukraine
careful, caring, and perfectionist
Native in: Russian 
, Ukrainian
Works in: English to Russian, Russian to English, Ukrainian to English, and 1 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
94
Selected
реакция скалывания
Definition from
www.astronet.ru:
Реакции скалывания - ядерные реакции, в которых легкая частица высокой энергии, сталкиваясь с тяжелым ядром, выбивает из него сравнительно легкий осколок (ядро легкого элемента).
Example sentences:
Если вызываемые такими частицами ядерные реакции сопровождаются отщеплением от реагирующих ядер легких фрагментов - протонов (p), нейтронов (n) и т.д., то их называют реакциями скалывания. (Визуальный словарь)
Часть нуклонов в процессе развития внутриядерного каскада вылетает из ядра. Такой процесс называется скалыванием или выбиванием (spallation, knock out). (Ядерная физика в Инте�)
Протонные импульсы ударяют в мишени из тяжёлых металлов (контейнеры с жидкой ртутью), где в результате реакции скалывания (spallation) образуются свободные нейтроны. (Atominfo.ru)
Note from asker:
| Grazie mille :) |
| It means either from or to, depending on the context. |
| Could you please give more of the context here? |
| Hi :) Thank you all for trying to help. It's actually part of a list (Documenti allegati:) The word Indipendenza appears also in another paragraph: A titolo esemplificativo e non esaustivo costituiscono giusta causa di risoluzione del contratto l'inosservanza delle norme XXX di Indipendenza, di gestione delle informazioni in sicurezza e delle prescrizioni e dei principi contenuti nel Codice Etico...." Hope this helps. |
| But it would help if you could show more of the surrounding context of this actual occurrence. |
| I'm actually translating a "Contratto di Collaborazione Autonoma" (Freelance Contract). The word "Indipendenza" only appears in the two paragraphs I mentioned earlier. |
| How would you intent to structure your suggested answer into the entire phrase? |
| What is(are) the sentence (or couple of sentences) that fall alongside "Attestazioni di indipendenza nei confronti della società Cliente" ? |
| Sorry if I reply so late but I had some commitments. I didn't think to trigger so much discussion. In my opinion in this case I translated "nei confonti della " as "in rapporto a" or "in relazione a" because I don't think (always in my opinion ) that the meaning of "nei confronti della " could be adversative. So my tranlation is: "Certificates of independence towards the Client company" I add some links to explain better my choice: https://www.thoughtco.com/toward-vs-towards-4154727 https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/toward |
| independence toward(s) IMO still doesn't work in ENG and it is news to me that there is an adversarial or confrontational edge to 'nei confonti di' (Garzanti 'dictionary': nei Vs. confronti> 'towards you'; Collins Sansoni: a confronto di > in comparison or compared with. In UK company or partnership law, 'in dealings with' (the co. or outsiders) is bog-standard terminology. |
| But in English you cannot say "independence towards xxx". This is grammatically incorrect because prepositions in English (as they are in many other languages, including Italian), have specific uses and combine with nouns, verbs etc in specific ways. You cannot just put a preposition anywhere without considering its grammatical place in the context. It is wrong and misleading for the asker if you agree with an answer that is incorrect. |
| "Towards" indicates movement of an object or person, for example in Italian you would say something like: "ha camminato verso di me" or "Ha camminato verso la sedia". In English we can also use this term to describe the way that somebody has behaved, for example "he was aggressive towards me", but there is not much else it is used for. |
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
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